The
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, or
DSM for short, is the psychiatric bible. Any disorder listed in the manual is covered by insurance. And how do these disorders get into the book? They are
voted in. Hmm…think about that.
“As it turns out, the association* has been inventing mental illnesses for the last 50 years or so. The original diagnostic manual appeared in 1952 and contained 107 diagnoses and 132 pages, by my count. The second edition burst forth in 1968 with 180 diagnoses and 119 pages. In 1980, the association produced a 494-page tome with 226 conditions. Then, in 1994, the manual exploded to 886 pages and 365 conditions, representing a 340% increase in the number of diseases over 42 years.”
—Irwin Savodnik [psychiatrist], from his article “Psychiatry’s sick compulsion: turning weaknesses into diseases,” January 1, 2006, Los Angeles Times
*the American Psychiatric Association
“Something is very wrong when those at the top of the
DSM hierarchy not only ignore scientific evidence and ignore proof of the harm they are doing but also admit that they don’t want their patients to know what goes on in the
DSM meetings. That they would spontaneously make such remarks to those of us who were energetically opposing their moves suggests either a whopping case of arrogance and sense of privilege or an astonishing naiveté—and the latter seems highly unlikely.”
—Paula J. Caplan, Ph.D., They Say You’re Crazy, How the World’s Most Powerful Psychiatrists Decide Who’s Normal, (1995, Addison-Wesley) p. 227
“The
DSM lists the criteria used by mental-health professionals to make their various diagnoses, from ‘mild mental retardation’ (the first listing) to ‘personality disorder not otherwise specified’ (the last); there are more than 350 in all. Hence this 943-page doorstop is one of the most important books you've never heard of. And the inscrutable process of writing it is starting up again. The American Psychiatric Association (A.P.A.), the manual's publisher, recently began planning a giant review of the book. The new edition, the fifth called
DSM V, will appear around 2010. Evidently, it takes a long time to figure out all the ways America is nuts.”
—John Cloud, “How We Get Labeled,” Time Magazine online, January 12, 2003
“To read about the evolution of the
DSM is to know this: It is an entirely political document. What it includes, what it does not include, are the result of intensive campaigning, lengthy negotiating, infighting, and power plays.”
—Louise Armstrong, And They Call it Help: The Psychiatric Policing of America’s Children, (1991, Addison-Wesley)